The collection is widely praised for its accessibility and wit, but critics and experienced practitioners often caution that its simple style can be deceptive, potentially leading readers to treat the deep spiritual exercises as mere "amusements". The Four Pillars of the Collection

: These 13th-century tales recount the experiences of Chinese and Japanese Zen masters. Reviewers often find these the most engaging and "human" part of the book, featuring famous parables like the university professor and the "empty cup".

: A classic 13th-century collection of 48 koans (paradoxical puzzles). These are designed to "confound reason" and break through logical thinking.

: A 12th-century spiritual allegory using illustrations and poems to depict the stages of awareness leading to enlightenment.