Determining substances based on their physical or chemical properties.
Kuznetsova and Levkin emphasize a , where tasks are not isolated questions but part of a broader context. The instructional design aims to develop critical thinking by including "reverse" problems—where students must determine starting materials from given products—to ensure a deep understanding of reaction pathways.
Exercises on the theory of chemical structure, hybridization, and chemical bonding in organic molecules.
Exercises on amines, amino acids, and proteins.