The Chemistry Of Synthetic Dyes. Reactive Dyes ✧ | TRUSTED |

The dye attaches to the fibre through a chemical reaction triggered by alkaline conditions (high pH). There are two main types of reaction mechanisms: 1. Nucleophilic Substitution

Known for incredibly vivid and brilliant shades. The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes. Reactive Dyes

Common in dyes. The chlorine atom on the dye molecule is displaced by the hydroxyl ( OHcap O cap H ) group of the cellulose or the amino ( NH2cap N cap H sub 2 ) group of protein fibres. Result: A stable carbon-oxygen or carbon-nitrogen bond. 2. Nucleophilic Addition The dye attaches to the fibre through a

Typical of dyes (like Remazol). In an alkaline bath, the dye undergoes an elimination reaction to form a vinyl sulfone group, which then adds across the fiber's functional groups. Result: A highly durable covalent linkage. ⚡ Key Properties Common in dyes

Links the chromophore to the reactive system. ⚗️ The Reaction Mechanism

A major challenge where the dye reacts with water instead of the fibre, creating "spent" dye that must be washed away.