A decisive victory over Russia that led to the Treaty of Tilsit, making Napoleon the arbiter of Europe. 🌍 The Zenith and the Peninsular Ulcer (1808–1811)
Specific or tactical breakdowns (e.g., the maneuver at Austerlitz). His personal life and its impact on his leadership. The weapons and technology used by the Grande Armée. The Campaigns of Napoleon
What Napoleon called his "Spanish Ulcer." A grueling guerrilla conflict in Spain and Portugal drained French manpower and resources for years. A decisive victory over Russia that led to
He promoted officers based on talent rather than noble birth. The weapons and technology used by the Grande Armée
After a pyrrhic victory at Borodino and occupying a burning Moscow, the French were forced to retreat through a brutal winter. Only a fraction of the army survived. 🏛️ The Fall and the Hundred Days (1813–1815)
A massive, bloody victory against Austria. While successful, it showed that Napoleon’s enemies were beginning to learn and adapt to his tactics. ❄️ The Turning Point: Russia (1812) The invasion of Russia was the beginning of the end.
