Switch-mode Power Supplies -
Energy is stored in reactive components like inductors and capacitors during the "on" cycle and released to the load during the "off" cycle.
1. Executive Summary A Switch-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is an electronic power converter that uses a high-frequency switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently. Unlike traditional linear power supplies that dissipate excess energy as heat, an SMPS utilizes semiconductor switching devices—such as MOSFETs or transistors—that rapidly alternate between full-on and full-off states. This mechanism significantly reduces energy loss and allows for more compact, lightweight designs. 2. Core Working Principles Switch-Mode Power Supplies
Typically power MOSFETs or BJTs that perform the rapid switching. Energy is stored in reactive components like inductors
Different circuit configurations, or topologies, are used based on the desired output: Core Working Principles Typically power MOSFETs or BJTs
Output voltage is maintained through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) , where the duty cycle (ratio of on-to-off time) is adjusted by a feedback mechanism to compensate for load or input variations. 3. Common Topologies