: Examines relations between the Islamic world and Liao China.
: Shows that the Silk Road was about more than just silk; it involved tea, horses, frankincense, amber, jade, and porcelain. Qarakhanid Roads to China A History of Sino-Tur...
: Introduces the dynasty's political landscape. : Examines relations between the Islamic world and
: Details the specific activities of envoys and traders. it involved tea
: Highlights the year 1009 as a critical turning point for Qarakhanid diplomatic missions to the Song Dynasty. ### Chapter Overview
: Duturaeva proves that Sino-Turkic relations thrived rather than declined during this period.
💡 The book famously challenges the "Silk Road crisis" theory, which suggested trade declined significantly between the fall of the Tang Dynasty and the rise of the Mongols. ## Core Objectives and Findings