: Specific rules for straight and turning departures, often requiring minimum climb gradients (typically 3.3%) to clear obstacles.
: Grouping aircraft by stall speed to determine specific obstacle clearance altitudes (OCA/H) for each type. Key Technical Components Icao Doc 8168 Vol 2
: Establishing parameters for turn areas, including wind spirals and bank angles, to ensure aircraft stay within protected airspace. : Specific rules for straight and turning departures,
: Protecting the transition from instrument flight to visual landing. Latest Updates including wind spirals and bank angles