Encyclopedia: Of Islam

: Most academic libraries provide access through portals like UW-Madison or Princeton .

: Direct access is available for purchase from Brill, with rates such as $18.00 for one day or $99.00 for 30 days.

The EI has been released in three distinct scholarly editions: Encyclopedia of Islam

(1913–1936): Focused primarily on pre-modern history and was largely authored by European scholars.

(2007–Present): Currently in progress and updated four times a year. It emphasizes the 20th century, global Muslim minorities, and expanded social science perspectives. Access and Research Options : Most academic libraries provide access through portals

For those not needing the dense academic detail of the Brill EI, several single-volume alternatives are available:

(1954–2005): Significantly expanded to include modern perspectives and contributions from Muslim scholars. It remains a definitive resource for historical and religious topics. It remains a definitive resource for historical and

Encyclopaedia of Islam Online (English) - Brill Reference Works