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: Detailed testing of modalities like proprioception and vibration, alongside deep tendon and pathological reflexes (e.g., Babinski sign) to differentiate upper vs. lower motor neuron involvement.
: Pinpoint exactly where in the central or peripheral nervous system a problem exists.
: Move beyond rote testing to a deep understanding of the anatomical and physiological basis of every sign. Key Components of the Examination
: Confidently distinguish between neurological and non-neurological (e.g., psychiatric) causes.
DeJong's The Neurologic Examination remains a cornerstone of medical literature, often described as the definitive, encyclopedic guide to bedside neurological assessment. Now in its (edited by William W. Campbell and Richard J. Barohn), it continues to bridge the gap between complex neuroanatomy and clinical practice. Core Philosophy and Utility
: Includes grading muscle strength (MRC 0–5 scale), assessing tone (spasticity vs. rigidity), and observing involuntary movements.